The moment a couple is diagnosed with infertility, many people give up and think that trying to conceive can be considered futile. In fact, this is not the case – modern medicine offers a wide range of treatment options for both simple problems with conception, and for pathological cases such as the absence of fallopian tubes.
The main thing in the treatment process is to be patient and optimistic because the chances of a happy family are very high.
Any treatment, including infertility, begins with a proper diagnosis. To do this, the couple must undergo a complete examination, which will give direction to the main process of treatment.
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A huge number of infertile couples can heal quickly, even without resorting to artificial insemination or IVF. Some problems are solved entirely by taking medications or minor surgery. However, even in severe cases, such as obstruction or complete absence of fallopian tubes, you have a chance through IVF.
SO, HOW IS INFERTILITY TREATED FOR DIFFERENT DIAGNOSES?
Treatment with medications
The most common cause of infertility in women – all kinds of violations of the natural process of ovulation. Approximately a quarter of the diagnosed infertility refers to just such a problem. And, if the obstacle is simply an abnormal menstrual cycle, this can easily be corrected with medication. Of course, such treatment takes a certain amount of time, but gives excellent results with competent diagnosis and strict compliance with all the rules. Among the drugs that are prescribed in such cases, there are those that can completely replace the hormones of the human body with their artificial counterparts.
It may seem strange, but some hormonal imbalances can be treated with contraceptives. Their reception for some time will help to provoke a more intensive work of the ovaries and stabilize the hormonal background.
Surgical intervention
More than a third of infertility cases are due to a variety of disorders within the female body, such as adhesions of the fallopian tubes or endometriosis (overgrowth of the inner layer of the uterus). This is very easy to diagnose, in particular, the fallopian tubes obstruction can be determined with a special X-ray. In addition, the cause of permanent miscarriages can be an abnormal shape of the uterus, which is also easily diagnosed and treated by surgery.
The most used treatment for such problems is laparoscopy – a minimally invasive (requiring minimal intervention) method of treatment. It involves making several incisions (two or three) in the abdomen and inserting surgical instruments and a tiny camera. In this way, many problems in a woman’s body can be corrected without resorting to major surgeries and incisions to allow a woman to become pregnant soon and carry a child. These incisions heal in a couple of months, and you can start trying to conceive again.
In addition, laparoscopy allows you to make diagnoses that are not possible with other methods – introducing a camera into the uterine cavity allows doctors to understand exactly what the problem is in your body.
Immediately after laparoscopy, a woman can conceive without further treatment, because all obstacles to the normal functioning of your body will be removed. If the problem remains after that, you may be prescribed another treatment, such as insemination or IVF.
Artificial insemination
This treatment option is great for those women who have had trouble passing an embryo through their fallopian tubes. It involves injecting sperm directly into the uterine cavity and is an indispensable way to treat problems with male sperm, as well as in cases of infertility that could not be accurately diagnosed.
IVF
In-vitro fertilization or IVF is currently the most effective way to treat difficult cases of infertility, which can be used by women who can bear a child but for some reason cannot conceive it naturally. IVF procedure includes ovarian stimulation, hormonal therapy, and introduction of embryos into the uterine cavity instead of sperm. Conception in this case takes place “in vitro”, and doctors can monitor the condition of the embryos, as well as implant not one but several, which significantly increases the chances of success of the procedure.
Sometimes during IVF, embryos are diagnosed with genetic abnormalities that, for whatever reason, were not seen in the parents. In this case, another IVF protocol is required for doctors to examine the embryos with the latest diagnostic methods and select the most appropriate one for implantation.
In general, IVF is considered an excellent method, but it also has some limitations. For example, it is best used before the age of 35 (as are other treatments, though) because it greatly increases the chances of success. However, even if you are older, there are chances – medicine knows of cases when women over 60 gave birth for the first time in their lives with the help of IVF.
Surrogate motherhood
This method is when an embryo obtained after IVF is implanted into another woman, not a mother. This is a unique treatment for those women who, for whatever reason, cannot carry or give birth to a child on their own. These could be congenital uterine abnormalities, heart disease, frequent abortions, or curettage, which cause the embryo to fail to attach to the uterine wall, or the woman’s age.
This treatment uses maternal egg (or donor egg), paternal sperm (or donor sperm), artificially fused as during IVF. The only difference is that this embryo will be implanted into another woman. At the same time, its genetic connection with the parents is completely preserved, because the surrogate mother and the child have completely different blood streams, which are not connected in any way. Now this method of treatment attracts a lot of attention, and the question of its ethics remains open, but it is the only way for some couples to find their long-awaited child.
